Serving the people vs serving the state: what is the right path of modern governance

Avatar photo
Daohe · Jun 10, 2025
Why do nations exist? Not for slogans, not for borders, and not for GDP numbers. The true purpose of a nation is to protect basic human rights, uphold the dignity of its people, and improve their quality of life. If a country appears powerful but its people are suffering—if there is national pride but public […]

Why do nations exist?
Not for slogans, not for borders, and not for GDP numbers.

The true purpose of a nation is to protect basic human rights, uphold the dignity of its people, and improve their quality of life.

If a country appears powerful but its people are suffering—if there is national pride but public anxiety—then that country is just an empty shell. It may look strong on the outside, but inside it is full of deep problems.

That is why it is essential to understand the difference between “serving the state” and “serving the people.” A modern government must see serving its people as the only true source of legitimacy. Only then can a nation remain stable, fair, and truly prosperous.

I. The conflict between serving the state and serving the people

“Serving the state” usually means focusing on national goals like economic growth, military power, global influence, and national security.

“Serving the people” means protecting individual rights—fair income, stable jobs, affordable housing and healthcare, free speech, fair justice, public welfare, dignity, and political participation.

These two goals should go hand in hand. But in practice, especially in how governments use power, there are often structural conflicts:

  • Resource conflict: Governments spend more on big projects or military and choose to cut public welfare spending.
  • Unequal participation in decision making: National strategies are decided by a small elite; ordinary citizens have little say.
  • Different values: Power wants control and unity, while people need freedom and choices.
  • Unfair benefits: “National interest” often serves the rich and powerful, while citizens are left behind.

These deep conflicts are the biggest problem with “state-centered” policies—and the real threat to the people.

II. What are the risks of “state-centered” policies?

Some governments, in order to protect national image or appear strong in foreign affairs, choose to sacrifice the rights and wellbeing of their citizens. Over time, this leads to seven major risks, with consequences that are hard to ignore:

1. Collapse of social trust

Citizens lose trust in the government, the legal system, and institutions. As a result, policies lose effectiveness.

2. Widening wealth gap

Powerful capital groups take advantage of national strategies to control resources. Wealth becomes concentrated among the few, while the poor get poorer.

3. Crisis of political legitimacy

Public confidence in the government fades. People no longer believe in the system, and the state’s legitimacy begins to erode.

4. Rising social anxiety

High costs of housing, jobs, education, healthcare, and retirement create widespread stress and insecurity.

5. Rigid policymaking

Decision-making is dominated by a small elite. Without public input or checks and balances, policies become outdated and tensions build up.

6. Backlash from media control

When free speech is suppressed, public frustration grows beneath the surface, creating a false sense of peace while unrest brews underneath.

7. Decline in long-term national strength

A society without freedom and fairness loses its creativity, innovation, and energy. In the long run, the nation’s global competitiveness will suffer.

III. Core principles of a people-centered government

A truly modern government must be guided by four key principles that serve the people:

1. People’s wellbeing comes first

Government spending must first support basic needs—healthcare, education, housing, jobs, and retirement.

2. Protection of rights

The constitution must guarantee citizens’ rights to know, to speak, to participate, and to hold power accountable.

3. Transparency in public finances

Budgets, spending, and government decisions must be fully transparent. Taxpayers have the right to monitor how public funds are used.

4. Limits on state power

State power must be bound by law, used only for the public good—not for personal gain, private interest, or political inheritance.

IV. A balanced structure for national governance

To build a fair and effective system, We need three-pillar governance model with dual-level counterbalance.

Power Holder Core Role Supervision Mechanism
State government National security, fiscal control, legislation, diplomacy Supervised by citizens, media, and parliament
Civil society Industry regulation, community affairs, NGOs Bound by law, holds the right to join public decision-making
Individual citizens Voting, oversight, right to information Directly supervises state power, takes part in governance

V. Reforming the civil service: new standards for a modern era

A truly modern civil servant must meet the following criteria:

1. Public-first mindset: serve the interests of taxpayers, not just follow orders from above.

2. Performance-based evaluation: measured by public well-being, citizen satisfaction, and policy implementation results.

3. Lifetime accountability: retirement does not exempt one from responsibility for past actions.

4. Public reporting system: regularly report achievements and problems to citizens, and accept public questioning.

5. Separation from business interests: strict bans on collusion with capital groups; assets must be declared and transparent.

VI. A mature model of tripartite governance

In a fully modern state, governance should evolve to the following form:

  • Reduced government scope: government is limited to macro coordination, national defense, foreign affairs, justice, and legislation.
  • Full autonomy of social organizations: sectors like healthcare, education, academia, and community affairs are managed by self-governing bodies.
  • Comprehensive citizen oversight: establish citizen assemblies, policy referendum days, and annual government satisfaction voting.
  • Public budgeting under citizen control: national budgets must be approved by a citizen assembly each year.
  • Transparent public projects: major national projects require open proposals, public opinion surveys, and third-party evaluations.

VII. Conclusion: serving the people is the foundation of the state

A country may appear strong, but if its people suffer, that strength is hollow and unstable.

A country may seem powerful, but without public trust, it cannot last.

The only rightful path to national governance is to build a people-centered modern system—rooted in citizen rights, focused on quality of life, guided by people-first budgeting, protected by limited and transparent power, and secured through open and participatory institutions.

Only then can a nation achieve lasting peace, public trust, and sustainable development.

Share this article:
LEARN MORE

Continue Reading

Buddhist practitioners should extend their compassion to civilization

Master Wonder · Dec 26, 2024

To pave a grand path for civilization toward the pure land of happiness Compassion is the heart of Buddhism, yet it goes beyond aiding individuals in overcoming suffering. It seeks the liberation and happiness of all sentient beings. The development of world civilization is deeply connected to the well-being of all life, which is why […]

佛法修行者不仅要对众生慈悲,更要对文明慈悲

Master Wonder · Dec 26, 2024

为文明开启通向幸福净土的大道 佛法的核心在于慈悲,但慈悲并不仅仅局限于帮助个体脱离苦难,更要着眼于所有众生的烦恼解脱与幸福。世界文明的发展与众生的幸福密不可分,所以阿弥陀佛才发愿要创造一个极乐世界,让众生在更好的文明世界中修行。 一个进步的文明能够为众生创造更加公平、自由、幸福的生活条件,长养善根与慧根,提供有利的修行环境。而一个失序的文明则可能加剧众生的苦难,让众生奔波劳碌,无暇他顾,更别提修行了。 作为佛法修行者,只有超越对个体的慈悲,将目光投向整个文明,以智慧和行动推动社会进步,才能真正实现“庄严国土、利乐有情”的佛法理想,让这个世界成长为极乐净土。 这不是贪恋红尘,而是行渡世人,让佛法在这个过程中深入人心,属于普贤大行。 一、对文明慈悲就是对众生慈悲 佛陀在教导中提到,众生之苦源于无明,而无明不仅存在于个体之中,也存在于文明的结构中。当文明以贪欲、无知和对立为基础时,其结果必然是集体的苦难。因此,佛法修行者不仅要对个体的苦难生起悲悯之心,更要对整个文明体系的不公与无明生起慈悲之心,因为只有改变文明,才能真正改变众生集体的处境。 对个体的慈悲是修行的起点。佛法提倡“观一切众生皆为父母”,修行者通过慈悲心和智慧帮助身边的众生减轻痛苦,例如扶危济困、解人迷惑。但这种个体的救助并不能根本解决苦的源头。 一些学佛之人将自己的财物用于布施寺庙,但对于社会上的压迫和苦难关注较少,这样做或许能换来一种虚妄的安慰感,但离真正的佛子精神相差甚远。真正的佛子行应通过具体的行动积极改善众生的困境,努力为驱散苦难贡献力量。 对文明的慈悲是修行的升华。文明是众生集体行为的结果,也是众生苦乐的根本场域。如果文明的规则充满了剥削、压迫与分裂,那么无论个体多么努力,都难以摆脱痛苦。因此,修行者应对文明中的无明生起觉知,积极参与社会变革,用佛法智慧塑造更慈悲、更智慧的文明体系。 二、如何对文明慈悲 要对文明慈悲,需要修行者将佛法的智慧与慈悲转化为具体的社会实践。以下是一些路径: 1. 弘扬佛法,提升文明的精神高度 文明的进步离不开精神的升华,而佛法正是提供精神指导的智慧源泉。修行者应致力于将佛法的慈悲理念与智慧传播给更多的人,帮助他们从物质的执着中解脱出来,找到生命的内在意义。 修行者可以通过佛法课程、讲座、公益活动等,为现代文明注入新的精神力量,例如通过文学、艺术、影视等文化形式,将佛法中的慈悲与智慧融入大众文化,教育和启发人们关注内在修养与共同福祉。 2. 推动社会公正,构建慈悲的文明制度 文明的进步不仅依赖个体觉悟,还需要制度的支持。修行者可以参与或支持推动公平、正义的社会制度,以佛法的平等观和因果法则为指导,消除社会中的歧视与不公,为众生创造更加和谐的生存环境。在社会中,佛法修行者可以从如下方面入手,推动更加慈悲的社会建设: 3. 实践慈悲经济,带动共同富足 经济活动是文明的重要组成部分,修行者可以通过实践“慈悲经济”,以商业为工具传播佛法精神,推动社会共同富裕。这种经济模式强调“利他先于利己”,在创造财富的同时,带动更多众生脱离贫困。 4. 文化中融入佛法智慧 佛法修行者并不应远离世俗事务,而应以觉悟者的姿态介入文化,以佛法智慧推动文明进步。 三、从慈悲到净土:文明幸福的实现 佛法的终极目标是建立一个“极乐净土”,这不仅是个体的解脱与安宁,也是众生的共同幸福。净土并非遥不可及的彼岸世界,而是修行者通过慈悲与智慧努力构建的现实文明。 1. 极乐净土的特质 极乐净土不仅意味着没有痛苦,更意味着慈悲与智慧的广泛实践,是个体与文明共同成长的结果。这样的世界将具备以下特质: 2. 净土建设的路径 极乐净土的实现需要修行者的共同努力: 结语 佛法修行者对众生的慈悲,是对个体痛苦的关怀;而对文明的慈悲,则是对整个世界命运的真实担当。当修行者将佛法的慈悲与智慧付诸实践,不仅帮助个体脱离苦海,更推动文明走向光明。只有当我们的文明充满慈悲与智慧时,众生的幸福才能真正实现,这个世界才能成长为极乐净土。让我们以佛法为依托,以慈悲为动力,以文明为平台,共同开启通向幸福净土的大道。

read more

Related Content

Voting vs. decision-making: Understanding their roles in civilization
Voting vs. decision-making: Understanding their roles in civilization
Avatar photo
Kishou · Jun 11, 2025
This article explores the fundamental difference between voting and decision-making. Voting reflects the distribution of power and interests, while decision-making requires a small group of people with strategic competence. When these two are blurred, decisions risk becoming shortsighted and driven by emotion, leading to power imbalances that ultimately weaken social governance.
Key values of social citizenship: freedom, democracy, happiness
Key values of social citizenship: freedom, democracy, happiness
Avatar photo
Yicheng · Mar 29, 2025
Civilizational shift and value reconstruction Human civilization is stepping into the “social citizenship era”—a time when people are more aware, systems are stable, and individual rights truly matter. From obedient subjects to national citizens, and now to social citizens, civilization is no longer measured by empires, power, or flashy technology—it is defined by new values […]
Understanding the culture and civilization of a nation
Understanding the culture and civilization of a nation
Avatar photo
Yicheng · Feb 27, 2025
Culture and civilization are the two core forces driving a nation’s development. Culture shapes the character of a nation, while civilization reflects the depth of its moral progress and the path it takes toward higher ethical ideals. By exploring the relationship between culture and civilization, we can gain a deeper understanding of the inner forces […]
Political sovereignty and the foundation of an autonomous civil society
Political sovereignty and the foundation of an autonomous civil society
Avatar photo
Daohe · Jun 3, 2025
Without citizen sovereignty, there can be no true citizen state. 1. What is a state? What is a citizen? A state is not merely a set of borders, institutions, regimes, or ruling authorities. In its modern form, a state is a political community voluntarily formed by a group of social citizens, organized around shared interests, […]
View All Content