Civic Studies: Transforming Civic Life for a Better Tomorrow

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Daohe · Nov 6, 2024
As an important concept in the history of human society, “citizen” signifies not just individual identity, but a collective responsibility and social awareness. Revolving around this awakening, civic studies explore how cooperation, participation, and responsibility undertaken among citizens can build a better society for all. Throughout history, humanity has moved from the production of individual labor […]

As an important concept in the history of human society, “citizen” signifies not just individual identity, but a collective responsibility and social awareness. Revolving around this awakening, civic studies explore how cooperation, participation, and responsibility undertaken among citizens can build a better society for all.

Throughout history, humanity has moved from the production of individual labor to collective cooperation and from isolated creation to shared development. As emphasized by Civic Studies, the role of a citizen is not merely that of a passive recipient of state policies, but also a driving force behind the progress of civilization. The rise of the social citizen marks the shift from the practice of “national citizenship” to the higher level “social citizenship,” reflecting a key indicator of societal advancement, improved welfare, and civilization’s growth.

I. The Relationship Between Capitalization and Civic Studies

In modern society, capitalization is a key issue that many nations are facing. While it has driven economic growth and resource accumulation, it also presents new challenges. Some countries are questioning whether all forms of capitalization serve the collective good. Civic Studies offers a unique perspective: true value lies not in endless capital expansion, but in using capital to improve citizens’ quality of life and ensure long-term social welfare. 

In fact, the history of civilization is closely tied to capital development. However, blindly pursuing capital liberalization doesn’t equate to true social progress. Civic Studies focuses not just on economic growth, but on how capital can support citizens’ welfare and societal advancement. It highlights the role of the “social citizen,” helping individuals understand their role in society and the balance between capital and social welfare.

 II. Social Citizens in a Capitalist System

In a society dominated by capitalism, people’s understanding of capital varies widely. Some believe that national citizens should fully comply with capitalist rules, while others argue that people should think independently, considering the broader social impact of capital. Civic Studies introduces the concept of the “social citizen,” emphasizing that citizens are not just consumers and producers of capital, but key drivers of social development and civilizational progress.

Therefore, in a capitalist system, the goal of Civic Studies is not to blindly accept capitalist logic, but to cultivate civic awareness. By fostering judgment and responsibility in economic activities, citizens can realize their rights and duties, paving the way for true social progress amidst capital liberalization.

III. The Core of Civic Studies: From National Citizen to Social Citizen

In an increasingly globalized and interconnected world, the idea of a “global citizen” has gained traction, suggesting the removal of borders and cultural differences to create a unified global community. However, Civic Studies emphasizes that before we can fully embrace globalization, we must first focus on developing “social citizens” — individuals who are actively engaged with their social groups and nations, moving from passive involvement to actively making changes. This form of civic identity is the foundation of future social structure, representing shared interests, responsibilities, and the collective welfare.

Social citizenship is not just an abstract concept, but a practical necessity for social progress. Civic Studies explores how to strengthen social welfare through collective consciousness, ensuring fairness and justice for all. Citizens are not only integral to their nation but are the building blocks of society itself. Only when these “building blocks” are vibrant, responsible, and engaged can true societal progress be achieved.

Therefore, the core of Civic Studies lies in transforming the role of the citizen from a “national” to a “social” one, where individuals contribute not only to national welfare but also have the ability and responsibility to create shared well-being on a larger scale.

IV. The Role of Civic Studies in Social Welfare Production

Civic Studies plays a crucial role in promoting “social welfare production” — not just maintaining existing welfare systems, but continually innovating and improving the quality of welfare. Social welfare production is seen as an ongoing process of human civilization development. Civic Studies argues that citizens should not only be recipients of welfare, but also the generators. The smooth functioning of a civic society relies on the active participation and contribution of each individual.

Specifically, social welfare production involves more than just the distribution of material wealth. It is a system built on fairness and social justice. Civic Studies encourages citizens to contribute to the welfare system through public labor, civic activities, volunteerism, and community development. By creating and sustaining this system, citizens not only become beneficiaries of welfare but also its producers, enhancing overall societal well-being and satisfaction.

V. The Contribution of Civic Studies to Civilizational Progress

From the perspective of Civic Studies, the progress of civilization is not solely measured by economic profits but by mental progress. As citizens, we hold the right to participate in society and make decisions, while also bearing the responsibility for its development. The core goal of Civic Studies is to drive sustainable civilizational progress through the collective efforts of individuals.

The contributions of Civic Studies to civilization’s advancement are multifaceted. Firstly, the awakening of civic consciousness encourages individuals to respect others and value the collective good. Secondly, cultivating social citizenship leads people to consider not only their personal interests but also the welfare and future of society. Civic Studies helps us move beyond the mindset of “maximizing personal gain” and understand that our individual fates are intertwined with that of society. By fostering a sense of responsibility, Civic Studies can guide society toward greater fairness and inclusivity.

VI. The Ultimate Goal of Civic Studies: A Sustainable and Harmonious Society

The goal of Civic Studies is to create a harmonious, sustainable society that prioritizes human well-being, social fairness, and creativity, rather than just economic growth. In this ideal society, citizens enjoy rights and the freedom to create, while also fulfilling their duties, forming a collective responsibility toward society and future generations. The awakening and shared understanding fostered by Civic Studies allow individuals to contribute to both their personal fulfillment and the greater good of society.

As civic consciousness grows, positive changes will gradually unfold across all sectors. Education will shift from merely imparting knowledge to nurturing a sense of social responsibility. Businesses will not only focus on profit but also contribute to social welfare production and service. Government policies will prioritize long-term societal benefits over short-term economic gains. Civic Studies promotes a deep, societal transformation, guiding us toward a better, more responsible citizenship and a more sustainable future.

Conclusion

Civic Studies is not only an academic theory but a practical approach to building a better future society. It frees us from the constraints of capitalism and presents a vision of society that transcends mere economic interests: a society that respects citizens’ creative rights, emphasizes social welfare and responsibility, and values the contributions of individuals to the collective good. This society is built on shared welfare, where citizens, through mutual understanding and cooperation, create an inclusive, sustainable, and vibrant environment.

By promoting Civic Studies, we can foster citizens with greater social awareness and moral responsibility, guiding humanity toward a more civilized and sustainable future. Civic Studies improves our civic life by liberating us from the limitations of “maximizing personal gain,” leading us into a society where mutual care and support form the foundation of a stronger, more connected community.

 

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社会公民における政治的主権の重要性について

社会公民における政治的主権の重要性について

Daohe · Jun 3, 2025

公民の政治的主権なくして、公民の国家は存在しません。 一、国家とは何か?社会公民とは何か? 国家とは、抽象的な疆域、制度、政体、あるいは政権の集合体ではありません。近代国家の本質とは、公民が、自らの利益、共同の安全、そして未来へのビジョンを基に、自発的に締結した政治共同体です。公民は、国家が存在するための主体であり、根幹なのです。もし国家に、真の意味での「公民」が存在しなければ、その国は政治共同体としての正当性を失い、単なる統治機関や暴力装置へと成り下がってしまいます。 公民であるということの真の意味は、単に特定の国境内に居住していることでも、その国の身分証明書を所持していることでもありません。それは、政治的主権を享受しているかどうかにかかっています。 政治的主権を持って初めて、個人は真に「国家共同体」における権力の主体となることができます。そうして初めて、国家権力の運営を決定し、監督し、それに関与し、抑制と均衡を図ることができるのです。そして、国家を、一部の少数者の専有物ではなく、「私たちの国家」とすることができるのです。 二、歴史の深層:国家と主権の進化 人類の政治史を概観すると、国家の出現は当初、部族の連合、軍事的な拡大、そして領土の支配に源を発していました。初期の「国家」は、武力と血縁によって維持され、個人に権利はなく、臣民に主権はありませんでした。中世の封建帝国や神権政治も、例外なく政治的主権を国王、教皇、貴族、聖職者といった階層の手に固く握りしめ、人民は家畜のように、その運命は草のように扱われました。 近代的な国民国家が興隆し、啓蒙主義運動、ブルジョア革命、そして近代的な立憲制度が確立されて初めて、「国民主権」や「公民の政治参加」が、国家の政治構造の中に徐々に組み込まれていったのです。フランス革命は「主権は人民に属する」と宣言し、アメリカ合衆国憲法は「人民政府、民選議会」を確立しました。こうして、近代国家の政治的正当性は、初めて「公民の主権」の上に築かれ始めたのです。 しかしながら、今日の世界を見渡しても、真に「公民の政治的主権」を実現している国家は、ごく少数です。大多数の国家は、依然として「見せかけの公民国家」の状態に留まっています。すなわち、名目上は「人民が国家の主である」としながら、実質的には権力は少数の集団に集中し、公民は受動的な服従者や道具に過ぎないのです。 公民が不在であれば、主権もまた不在となり、国家は退化し、文明は停滞します。 三、政治的主権の真の意味 政治的主権とは、形式的に設けられた法律の条文でも、時折行われる選挙投票でもありません。それは、公民が、国家権力の運営、公共の事柄に関する意思決定、公的資源の分配、そして国家の統治構造の設計に、実質的に関与できる権利のことです。 具体的には、以下の権利が含まれます。 もし国家が、形式的な「投票」だけを許し、公民に実質的な政治的主権を与えないのであれば、公民は単なる数字へと成り下がり、国家は寡頭制へと堕落するでしょう。 四、主権なくして、公民という存在は偽りとなる 現実の世界では、多くの国家が自らを「公民国家」と称しながらも、形式的に公民としての身分を与えているに過ぎません。その実質において、公民は主権を持たず、国家の統治に実質的に参加する権利もありません。 彼らは義務を負い、代償を払いながらも、権力構造の外側に置かれ、国家という機械の付属物となっているのです。 それは、以下のことを意味します。 この現象は、深く考察するに値する社会構造を浮かび上がらせます。すなわち、国家は制度設計上、「公民を基本とする」と約束しながら、実践においては、公民が公共の事柄における共同の参加者であるという地位を、真に実現できていないのです。 主権が人々の手から失われる時、国家はもはや民心を引きつける力を持ちません。社会の信頼はそこから瓦解し、文明発展の礎は揺らぎ始めます。最終的に、そのような国家は、全国民のものではなくなり、特権階級の私有財産と化し、その衰退もまた、覆い難いものとなるでしょう。 五、主権の欠如が、国家の運命に与える影響 歴史と現実は、社会公民から主権を奪ったいかなる国家も、最終的には以下の四つの苦境に陥ることを、繰り返し証明しています。 六、文明の未来における、唯一の道 人類文明が持続的に進歩しようとするならば、唯一実行可能な道は、「公民の政治的主権」を全面的に確立した、近代的な国家制度を築くことです。すなわち、 ただ、そうして初めて、国家は真に「公民国家」となり、社会は安定的で、公正で、繁栄し、文明は持続的に進化していくことができるのです。 結語 公民の政治的主権なくして、公民の国家は存在しません。 国家が、公民の主権なくして存在するならば、それは権力者の支配と暴力装置が残るだけです。 社会が、公民の主権なくして存在するならば、そこには抑圧、収奪、そして偽善的なパフォーマンスが残るだけです。 文明が、公民の主権なくして存在するならば、それはやて暗黒、腐敗、そして崩壊へと陥るでしょう。 国家の真の主人たりうるのは、政治的主権をその手に握る、社会公民だけです。未来が真に属するのは自ら目覚め、参加し、権利を求め、そして自らの主権を守り抜く勇気を持つ社会公民なのです。 これこそが、国家が存在するための最低ラインであり、一つの文明が前進し続けられるかどうかを左右する、最後の保証なのです。  

Political sovereignty and the foundation of an autonomous civil society

Political sovereignty and the foundation of an autonomous civil society

Daohe · Jun 3, 2025

Without citizen sovereignty, there can be no true citizen state. 1. What is a state? What is a citizen? A state is not merely a set of borders, institutions, regimes, or ruling authorities. In its modern form, a state is a political community voluntarily formed by a group of social citizens, organized around shared interests, […]

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